SPIRACTIN SEARCH PAGE

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SPIRACTIN SIDE EFFECTS 2016

http://www.drugs.com/sfx/spironolactone-side-effects.html

http://www.hormone.org/hormones-and-health/what-do-hormones-do/what-does-aldosterone-do

What form(s) does this medication come in?

25 mg
Each cream-coloured, round, biconvex, compressed tablet, and with a peppermint aroma, engraved "N" on one side and "2|5" on the reverse, contains spironolactone 25 mg. Nonmedicinal ingredients: D&C Yellow No. 10 Lake, FD&C Yellow No. 6 Lake, lactose, magnesium stearate, natural peppermint flavour, sodium lauryl sulfate, and sodium starch glycolate. Gluten- and tartrazine-free.

http://www.medbroadcast.com/Drug/GetDrug/Teva-Spironolactone MORE ON SIDE EFFECTS NB ***

What side effects are possible with this medication?

Many medications can cause side effects. A side effect is an unwanted response to a medication when it is taken in normal doses. Side effects can be mild or severe, temporary or permanent. The side effects listed below are not experienced by everyone who takes this medication. If you are concerned about side effects, discuss the risks and benefits of this medication with your doctor.
The following side effects have been reported by at least 1% of people taking this medication. Many of these side effects can be managed, and some may go away on their own over time.
Contact your doctor if you experience these side effects and they are severe or bothersome. Your pharmacist may be able to advise you on managing side effects.

• abdominal pain
• diarrhea
• dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when rising from a lying or sitting position
• drowsiness
• dry mouth
• fatigue
• fever
• frequent urination
• headache
• nausea
• thirst
• vomiting

Although most of the side effects listed below don't happen very often, they could lead to serious problems if you do not seek medical attention.
Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:

• confusion
• enlarged or painful breasts
• fast, slow, or irregular heartbeat
• fever
• increased infections
• irregular menstrual period
• muscle weakness or cramps
• rapid weight loss
• signs of anemia (low red blood cells; e.g., dizziness, pale skin, unusual tiredness or weakness, shortness of breath)
• signs of bleeding (e.g., unusual nosebleeds, bruising, blood in urine, coughing blood, bleeding gums, cuts that don't stop bleeding)
• signs and symptoms of imbalance of water, sodium or potassium in the body (e.g., muscle pain or cramps, weakness, irregular heart beat)
• signs of kidney problems (e.g., increased urination at night, decreased urine production, blood in the urine, swelling, fatigue, abdominal pain)
• signs of liver problems (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes, dark urine, pale stools)
• signs of pancreatitis (e.g., abdominal pain on the upper left side, back pain, nausea, fever, chills, rapid heartbeat, swollen abdomen)
• skin rash
• symptoms of high blood sugar (e.g., frequent urination, increased thirst, excessive eating, unexplained weight loss, poor wound healing, infections, fruity breath odour)

Stop taking the medication and seek immediate medical attention if any of the following occur:

• chest pain
• signs of a severe allergic reaction such as difficulty breathing; hives; or swelling of the face, tongue, or throat
• signs of a severe skin reaction (e.g., blistering, peeling, a rash covering a large area of the body, a rash that spreads quickly, or a rash combined with fever or discomfort)
• signs of stomach bleeding such as vomiting of blood, stomach pain, black and tarry stools

Some people may experience side effects other than those listed. Check with your doctor if you notice any symptom that worries you while you are taking this medication.

Are there any other precautions or warnings for this medication?

Before you begin using a medication, be sure to inform your doctor of any medical conditions or allergies you may have, any medications you are taking, whether you are pregnant or breast-feeding, and any other significant facts about your health. These factors may affect how you should use this medication.
Breast enlargement in men: Men may develop breast enlargement with the use of spironolactone. If this occurs, tell your doctor. In the great majority of cases, breast enlargement disappears once the medication is stopped.
Drowsiness and dizziness: Spironolactone may cause drowsiness or dizziness, affecting your ability to drive or operate machinery.
Avoid these and other hazardous tasks until you have determined how this medication affects you. This medication may also cause dizziness or lightheadedness when moving from a lying or sitting to an upright position.
Alcohol can add to the drowsiness caused by this medication.
Potassium: This medication may cause high potassium levels if potassium intake is too high. Do not take potassium supplements, follow a diet rich in potassium, or use salt substitutes containing potassium while taking spironolactone. People with reduced kidney function, seniors, and people with diabetes are more at risk of developing high potassium levels.
Fluid and electrolyte balance: Spironolactone may cause the levels of electrolytes such as potassium, sodium, and chloride in the blood to change while taking this medication. If you experience symptoms of fluid and electrolyte imbalance such as muscle pains or cramps; dry mouth; numb hands, feet, or lips; or racing heartbeat, contact your doctor as soon as possible. Your doctor will do blood tests regularly to monitor the levels of these electrolytes in your blood while you are taking this medication.
Liver function: Small changes to electrolytes and fluid in the body can cause large changes to liver function. If you have liver problems, discuss with your doctor how this medication may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of this medication, and whether any special monitoring is needed. Your doctor may want to test your liver function regularly with blood tests while you are taking this medication.
Pregnancy: Spironolactone crosses the placenta and may affect the developing baby if taken by a woman when she is pregnant. This medication should not be used during pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the risks. If you become pregnant while taking this medication talk to your doctor about the potential benefits and risks of taking this medication during pregnancy.
Breast-feeding: This medication passes into breast milk. If you are a breast-feeding mother and are taking spironolactone, it may affect your baby. Talk to your doctor about whether you should continue breast-feeding.

What other drugs could interact with this medication?

There may be an interaction between spironolactone and any of the following:

• abiraterone
• aldesleukin
• alcohol
• alpha/ beta agonists (e.g., epinephrine, norepinephrine)
• alpha agonists (e.g., clonidine, methyldopa)
• alpha blockers (e.g., alfuzosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin)
• amifostine
• amphetamines (e.g., dextroamphetamine, lisdexamphetamine)
• angiotensin II antagonists (e.g., candesartan, valsartan)
• angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors; e.g., captopril, enalapril, lisinopril, ramipril)
• atorvastatin
• barbiturates (e.g., phenobarbital, butalbital)
• beta-adrenergic blockers (e.g., atenolol, propranolol, sotalol)
• brimonidine
• calcium channel blockers (e.g., amlodipine, diltiazem, nifedipine, verapamil)
• canagliflozin
• cholestyramine
• ciprofloxacin
• corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone, dexamethasone)
• cyclosporine
• dapagliflozin
• diazoxide
• digoxin
• other diuretics (water pills; e.g., amiloride, furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide)
• dropspirenone
• duloxetine
• eplerenone
• guanfacine
• heparin
• levodopa
• lithium
• low molecular weight heparins (e.g., dalteparin, enoxaparin, tinzaparin)
• methylphenidate
• minoxidil
• mitotane
• monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs; e.g., moclobemide, phenelzine, rasagiline, selegiline, tranylcypromine)
• narcotic medications (e.g., codeine, morphine)
• nitrates (e.g., nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate)
• nitrofurantoin
• nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs; e.g., diclofenac, ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen)
• obinutuzumab
• pentoxifylline
• phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (e.g., sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil)
• potassium-containing medications, supplements, or salt-substitutes (e.g., potassium chloride, potassium citrate, potassium gluconate, potassium iodide, potassium phosphate)
• quetiapine
• quinidine
• salicylates (e.g., ASA, salsalate)
• risperidone
• rituximab
• sodium phosphates
• tacrolimus
• tolvaptan
• trimethoprim
• yohimbine

If you are taking any of these medications, speak with your doctor or pharmacist. Depending on your specific circumstances, your doctor may want you to:

• stop taking one of the medications,
• change one of the medications to another,
• change how you are taking one or both of the medications, or
• leave everything as is.

An interaction between two medications does not always mean that you must stop taking one of them. Speak to your doctor about how any drug interactions are being managed or should be managed.
Medications other than those listed above may interact with this medication. Tell your doctor or prescriber about all prescription, over-the-counter (non-prescription), and herbal medications you are taking. Also tell them about any supplements you take. Since caffeine, alcohol, the nicotine from cigarettes, or street drugs can affect the action of many medications, you should let your prescriber know if you use them.

Spiractin contains the active ingredient spironolactone

http://www.mydr.com.au/medicines/cmis/spiractin-tablets

http://www.nps.org.au/medicines/heart-blood-and-blood-vessels/diuretic-medicines/spironolactone-diuretic-medicines/spiractin-tablets-diuretic-medicines#side-effects

http://www.myvmc.com/drugs/spiractin/

http://www.news-medical.net/drugs/Spiractin.aspx

http://www.nps.org.au/medicines/heart-blood-and-blood-vessels/diuretic-medicines/spironolactone-diuretic-medicines/spiractin-tablets-diuretic-medicines

http://www.myvmc.com/drugs/spiractin/

Spiractin

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Generic Name: Spironolactone
Product Name: Spiractin

Indication

This drug may be used in the treatment of essential hypertension (high blood pressure) to lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure. It can be used alone or in conjunction with other therapies such as thiazide diuretics or other antihypertensives such as beta-blockers.

• Spironolactone may also be used alone or in conjunction with other diuretics for the treatment of congestive heart failure for managing oedema (swelling due to fluid retention) and sodium retention
• It may also be used for the treatment of ascities (abdominal swelling due to fluid retention) and oedema due to hepatic cirrhosis
• This drug can also be used for the treatment of malignant hypertension, nephrotic syndrome, primary hyperaldosteronism, diuretic induced hypokalaemia (insufficient potassium) and hirsutism (excessive hair) in females.

Action

• Spironolactone is an aldosterone antagonist (aldosterone is an endogenous hormone responsible for salt and water balance in the kidney).
• It competitively binds receptors at the aldosterone dependent sodium-potassium exchange site in the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron (the functional unit of the kidney) leading to an increased amount of sodium and water excretion in the urine, whilst retaining potassium.
• Spironolactone also has moderate antiandrogenic effects by inhibiting the interaction between dihydrotestosterone and the intracellular androgen receptor- this may lower plasma levels of testosterone and therefore be beneficial in the treatment of hirsutism.

Dose advice

Hypertension:

• Usual dosage is 50-100mg/day either in a single dose or as divided doses.

Congestive cardiac failure:

• Initial dosage is 100mg/day.
• This may be increased up to 200mg/day depending on clinical scenario.

Hepatic Cirrhosis:

• Recommended dosing ranges from 100-400mg/day depending on the urinary sodium:potassium ratio.

Nephrotic Syndrome:

• Usual dose is 100-200mg/day

Children:

• Initial daily dosage should be approximately 3.3mg/kg of bodyweight

Primary hyperaldosteronism:

• Spironolactone may be used to aid the diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism; 400mg of this drug should be administered daily for three to four weeks. Correction of hypokalaemia and hypertension presumes a diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism. Alternatively, 400mg may be administered for 4 days – if serum potassium increases whilst using Spironolactone but drops when it is discontinued, this is also suggestive of primary hyperaldosteronism. More definitive tests should be undertaken following this regime.
• Spironolactone may also be used for long term maintenance therapy of primary hyperaldosteronism in patients unsuitable for surgery – this involves using this therapy at the lowest effective dose

Malignant Hypertension:

• Spironolactone is always used as adjunctive therapy in this scenario.
• Initial dose is 100mg/day, increased if necessary at two week intervals to 400mg/day.

Hypokalaemia:

• Dosing should begin at low levels and then increase if appropriate
• Dosage in this situation should not exceed more than 100mg/day

Female hirsutism:

• Usual dose is 100-200mg/day according to patient response. 50mg daily may be sufficient in some cases.
• Therapy may be given by cyclical dosing every three weeks out of four or continuous administration.

Schedule

S4

Common side effects

• gynaecomastia (normally reversible)
• gastrointestinal disturbances: nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, cramping
• menstrual irregularities

Uncommon side effects

• drowsiness
• lethargy
• headache
• confusion
• skin reactions
• drug fever
• benign breast disorders
• impotence
• irregular muscular coordination

For further information talk to your doctor.

http://home.intekom.com/pharm/lennon/spiractn.html